| Preparation Strategies for Cryo-EM Grids for Structural Biology: from Materials to Preparation |
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Jeesoo Kim1,2 |
1Department of Biological Sciences Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
2Institute for Data Innovation in Science Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea |
| 구조생물학을 위한 Cryo-EM Grid 준비 전략: 재료부터 시료 준비까지 |
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김지수1,2 |
1서울대학교 생명과학부
2서울대학교 과학데이터혁신 연구소 |
Correspondence:
Jeesoo Kim,
Email: jisooya@snu.ac.kr
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Received: 10 May 2025 • Accepted: 27 May 2025 |
| Abstract |
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Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) has revolutionized structural biology, enabling near-atomic resolution analysis of complex biomolecules, particularly membrane proteins and dynamic assemblies. While advances in direct electron detection and motion correction algorithms have significantly improved image quality, specimen preparation remains a major bottleneck in achieving reproducible high-resolution structures. This review highlights recent innovations in cryo-EM grid materials, including gold grids, graphene-based supports, and self-wicking nanowire grids, which improve sample stability, ice thickness uniformity, and beam-induced motion suppression. Surface functionalization strategies such as PEGylation and affinity coatings further enhance particle distribution and reduce adsorption artifacts. Moreover, novel vitrification platforms with real-time suction control and intelligent design offer improved reproducibility and throughput. These integrated developments in grid engineering and sample handling are poised to transform cryo-EM workflows, enabling more consistent, efficient, and high-resolution structural studies for a wide range of biological targets. |
| Key Words:
Cryo-EM, Gold, Graphene, Grid engineering, Structural biology |
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